润滑油选用
Selection of lubricating oil
1、选用润滑油应综合考虑以下三方面的要素：
1. The following three factors should be considered in the selection of lubricating oil:
⑴机械设备实际使用时的工作条件(即工况);
(1) working conditions (i.e. working conditions) of mechanical equipment in actual use;
⑵机械设备制造厂商说明书的指定或推荐;
(2) designation or recommendation of mechanical equipment manufacturer's manual;
⑶润滑油制造厂商的规定或推荐。
(3) regulations or recommendations of lubricant manufacturers.
2、润滑油性能指标的选定
2. Selection of performance index of lubricating oil
⑴粘度
(1) viscosity
粘度是各种润滑油分类分级的指标，对质量鉴别和确定有决定性意义。设备用润滑油粘度选定依设计或计算数据查有关图表来确定。
Viscosity is an index for classification of various lubricating oils, which is of decisive significance for quality identification and determination. The viscosity of lubricating oil for equipment shall be determined according to the design or calculation data and relevant charts.
⑵倾点
(2) pour point
倾点是间接表示润滑油贮运和使用时低温流动性的指标。经验证明一般润滑油的使用温度必须比倾点高5-10℃。
Pour point is an indirect indicator of low temperature fluidity of lubricating oil during storage, transportation and use. Experience has proved that the service temperature of general lubricating oil must be 5-10 ℃ higher than the pour point.
⑶闪点
(3) flash point
闪点主要是润滑油贮运及使用是安全的指标，同时也作为生产时控制润滑油馏分和挥发性的指标。润滑油闪点指标规定的原则是按安全规定留1/2安全系数，即比实际使用温度高出1/2。如内燃机油底壳油温最高不超过120 ℃，因而规定内燃机油闪点最低180 ℃。
Flash point is not only a safety index for the storage, transportation and use of lubricating oil, but also an index for controlling the fraction and volatility of lubricating oil in production. The principle of lubricating oil flash point index is to keep 1 / 2 safety factor according to the safety regulations, that is, 1 / 2 higher than the actual use temperature. If the oil temperature of internal combustion engine oil pan is not more than 120 ℃, the minimum flash point of internal combustion engine oil is 180 ℃.
⑷性能指标的选定
(4) selection of performance index